Current state and prospects of protoplast technology and potato somatic hybridization (review)

Wild Solanum species have often been used as sources of important agricultural traits, including resistance to various diseases, pests, and abiotic factors. However, their large-scale use in potato breeding is limited by complex barriers sexual incompatibility with tuberosum. Fusion protoplasts enzymatically isolated from somatic cells one the approaches overcoming incompatibility. The diverse nuclear cytoplasmic traits exhibited hybrids provide new genetic material for programs, which confirmed creation a large number cultivated potatoes wild species. research development means protoplast fusion has carried out more than 40 years already. In this review, prospects technology modern are considered. Genomic, transcriptomic, proteomic studies further insight into fundamental processes underlying formation, such cell wall chromosomal rearrangements products, regeneration, also make significant contribution understanding genome stabilization. Improvement methods molecular screening both cytoplasm contributes expansion field application breeding. Finally, it shown that hybridization promotes introgression primarily pathogens.